This paper puts forward a normative framework for computational societies which enables the handling of incomplete knowledge about normative relations. In particular, attempts to perform a social action are evaluated as permitted, prohibited (i.e. not permitted) or pending for execution (i.e. neither permitted nor prohibited). This latter category of attempts can eventually be resolved as permi...

Empirical methodologies and philosophy are rarely discussed together but this essay is about how simulations and experiments may be useful in the pursuit of philosophical knowledge. It focuses on how these methods can illuminate some fundamental problems in political philosophy viewed as a branch of ethical philosophy. It is widely accepted that the way a social decision is made can affect not ...

OBJECTIVES Many health promotion educational interventions assume that increasing knowledge directly influences beliefs, intentions and behaviour, whereas research suggests that knowledge alone is insufficient for behavioural change. Social cognition frameworks such as the Theory of Reasoned Action propose a central role for beliefs and social normative influences. This Scottish study evaluates...

A critical aspect of corporate social responsibility is the implementation of sustainable development (SD). Knowledge networks comprised of various stakeholders can be viewed as a facilitator of responsibility through the support of knowledge transfer (KT) and organizational learning (OL). Propositions about the relationship between knowledge networks, stakeholders, KT and OL and their impact o...

Insurance services and financial compensation are regarded for the consequences of events that may happen or not.Farmers and stakeholders can be benefited from the agricultural and natural resources insurance so that they can attain much more stability in resources management, especially through mitigating the effects of potential and imminent risks. The current research was aimed to determine ...

patients with chronic low back pain hold various perceptions, experiences and beliefs about their pain which are based on prior learning and social influence. this study was employed to earn perceptions and beliefs of patients regarding low back pain to apply in health education planning. eight focus group discussions including 6-10 people taking part in each of them was performed. subjects inc...

BACKGROUND Preventive care has an essential role in reducing income-related health inequalities. Despite a general consensus of the need of shifting focus from disease treatment to wellness and prevention, little is known about inequalities in access to preventive care in China. Our study aimed to explore the inequalities in preventive care usage and factors that were associated with such inequ...