The purpose of this study is to apply Kernel Dimensionality Reduction (KDR) to classify sleep stage from electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. KDR is supervised dimensionality reduction method that retains statistical relationship between input variables and target class. KDR was chosen to reduce dimensionality of features extracted from ECG signal because this method doesn’t need special assumptions...

Forest measurements using conventional methods may not capture all the important information required to properly characterize forest structure. The objective of this study was develop a low-cost alternative method for inventory and characterization structure handheld LiDAR technology. Three-dimensional (3D) maps trees were obtained an iPad Pro with sensor. Freely-available software programs, i...

this study aimed to investigate the effect of habitat kind on soil seed bank characteristics viz. density diversity, richness and similarity between seed bank and above ground vegetation. two different habitats (grassland and forest) were selected in vaz, mazandaran province. the grassland habitat located in the upper end of the forest habitat, adjacent to each other. then in each habitat, 7 tr...

Vegetation structure and density affect the dynamics of snow accumulation and ablation. Vegetation also affects our ability to estimate snow-covered area accurately from satellite-based sensors. The objective of this case study is to demonstrate how the angular pattern of reflectance from vegetation over snow can provide information on forest cover density. Imagery from the Multi-angle Imaging ...

In this paper, a real time application for visual inspection and classification of cork stoppers is presented. Each cork stopper is represented by a high dimensional set of characteristics corresponding to relevant visual features. We have applied a set of non-parametric and parametric methods in order to compare and evaluate their performance for this real problem. The best results have been a...

estimation and mapping of forest resources is a precondition for management, planning and research.this research was conducted to investigate the spatial structure and estimation of crown cover anddensity of an oak forest in the west of iran (loristan province) using kriging interpolation method ofgeostatistics. field sampling was performed based on a 100 m×100 m systematic grid using 2000 m2ci...

Random forest (Breiman 2001a) (RF) is a non-parametric statistical method requiring no distributional assumptions on covariate relation to the response. RF is a robust, nonlinear technique that optimizes predictive accuracy by fitting an ensemble of trees to stabilize model estimates. Random survival forests (RSF) (Ishwaran and Kogalur 2007; Ishwaran, Kogalur, Blackstone, and Lauer 2008) are an...

Classify the apple’s internal quality is important for apple’s quality. Mould core apple is not eatable and can reduce the juice quality if used for making juice. The core tissue’s color is brown and the density of mould core apple is lower than a normal apple. This paper describes the detection of apple’s one internal quality (mould core disease) on the physical basis -density. X-ray technolog...