Background The impact of reorganisation on health services delivery is a recurring issue in every healthcare system. In 2005 Vietnam reorganised the delivery of health services at the district level by splitting preventive, curative, and administrative roles. This qualitative study explored how these reforms impacted on the organisation of maternal health service delivery at district and commun...

Starting from the three-dimensional hydrostatic primitive equations, we derive Hamiltonian N–layer models with isentropic tropospheric and isentropic or isothermal stratospheric layers. Our construction employs a new parcel Hamiltonian formulation which describes the fluid as a continuum of Hamiltonian ordinary differential equations bound together by integral transport laws. In particular, we ...

An integrated method that incorporates the advantages of per-parcel and perpixel approaches as well as spectral and spatial characteristics was proposed for crop classification of a typical agricultural area in south-east China using SPOT5 HRV data. The co-occurrence texture was employed to evaluate the heterogeneity of the image data. The average parcel textures determined each parcel defined ...

The trend towards shorter delivery lead-times reduces operational efficiency and increases transportation costs for internet retailers. Mobile technology, however, creates new opportunities to organize the last-mile. In this paper, we study the concept of crowdsourced delivery that aims to use excess capacity on journeys that already take place to make deliveries. We consider a peer-to-peer pla...

In this paper we suggest a QA pilot task, dubbed QolA, whose joint rationale is allow for collaboration among systems, increase multilinguality and multicollection use, and investigate ways of dealing with different strengths and weaknesses of a population of QA systems. We claim that merging answers, weighting answers, choosing among contradictory answers or generating composite answers, and v...

The problem of designing a set of routes with minimum cost to serve a collection of customers with a fleet of vehicles is a fundamental challenge when the number of customers to be dropped or picked up is not known during the planning horizon. The purpose of this paper is to develop a vehicle routing Problem (VRP) model that addresses stochastic simultaneous pickup and delivery in the urban pub...