advances in understanding the neurobiology of addiction to stimulants, has made it possible for researchers to identify medicines effective in initiation of treatment and prevention of stimulants relapse, based on pharmacological effects of various medicine. some of these medicine and vaccines have brought promising results in clinical trials on cocaine dependent patients. studies regarding met...

Serum pharmacological method has generally been used in herb studies. However, preparation of test serum for ex vivo experiment is an intricate process: besides pretreatment (heat or chemicals), it involves the proteolytic cascades of coagulation along with fibrinolysis, complement and kinin systems, as well as platelet and leukocyte activation resulting in release reactions. These processes de...

In 1994, Douglas Graham Altman, one of the greatest statisticians all time, wrote "We need less research, better and research done for good reasons". Twenty-seven years ago, Altman pointed out that system favored unscientific behavior "bad science" was easy to publish, highlighting financial implications this amount poorly designed with erroneous statistical methods, unrepresentative samples, o...

One or more nitrogen-containing molecules constitute an important class of heterocyclic compounds in organic synthesis, due to their reactivity and presence many natural, human plant origin. These nitrogenous heterocycles play essential role various scientific domains, whether they are chemical, biological pharmacological. N-heterocycles the privileged source research topics developed by severa...

Chronic pain is reported by 40% -79% of patients with cirrhosis, which one the most neglected symptoms among this population. management in cirrhosis remains a difficult clinical issue since significant number analgesics are metabolized liver and potential side effects more frequent involve risk. The aim review to draw attention available options based on an analysis published articles. followi...

INTRODUCTION Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common problem with no simple solution. This review highlights factors that are known to increase the risk of PONV. It examines the various data on pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods that have been used to prevent PONV. METHODS Peer-reviewed journals on the subject were covered. CONCLUSION Patient, surgical and anaesthe...