The theory of plasticity is the branch of mechanics that deals with the calculation of stresses and strains in a body, made of ductile material, permanently deformed by a set of applied forces. The theory is based on certain experimental observations on the macroscopic behavior of metals in uniform states of combined stresses. The observed results are then idealized into a mathematical formulat...

This research project deals with nonlinear evolution problems that arise in the study of the inelastic behaviour of solids, in particular in plasticity and fracture. The project will focus on selected problems, grouped into three main topics, namely: 1. Plasticity with hardening and softening, 2. Quasistatic crack growth, 3. Dynamic fracture mechanics. The analysis of the models of these mechan...

Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine role genes and proteins in neurons functioning.
 Methodology: This adopted a desktop methodology. used secondary data from which include review existing literature already published studies reports that was easily accessed through online journals libraries.
 Findings: revealed play pivotal roles functioning neurons, contributing complex proc...

Recent experiments have shown that metallic materials display significant size effect at the micron and sub-micron scales. This has motivated the development of strain gradient plasticity theories, which usually involve extra boundary conditions and possibly higher-order governing equations. We propose a finite deformation theory of nonlocal plasticity based on the Taylor dislocation model. The...

The hypothesis that synaptic plasticity is a critical component of the neural mechanisms underlying learning and memory is now widely accepted. In this article, we begin by outlining four criteria for evaluating the 'synaptic plasticity and memory (SPM)' hypothesis. We then attempt to lay the foundations for a specific neurobiological theory of hippocampal (HPC) function in which activity-depen...

A heuristic model on the role of plasticity in adaptive evolution: 6 SUMMARY 28 2 An ongoing new synthesis in evolutionary theory is expanding our view of the sources 29 of heritable variation beyond point mutations of fixed phenotypic effects to include 30 environmentally-sensitive changes in gene regulation. This expansion of the paradigm is 31 necessary given ample evidence for a heritable a...

Hebbian plasticity is widely considered to be the mechanism by which information can be coded and retained in neurons in the brain. Homeostatic plasticity moves the neuron back towards its original state following a perturbation, including perturbations produced by Hebbian plasticity. How then does homeostatic plasticity avoid erasing the Hebbian coded information? To understand how plasticity ...

neuroplasticity is the brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life. neuroplasticity allows the neurons in the brain to compensate injury and disease and to adjust their activities in response to new situations or to changes in their environment. at the other side, it is now well established that neuronal function is strongly influenced by both cen...

Adaptation of natural populations to variable environmental conditions may occur by changes in trait means and/or in the levels of plasticity. Theory predicts that environmental heterogeneity favors plasticity of adaptive traits. Here we investigated the performance in several traits of three sympatric Drosophila species freshly collected in two environments that differ in the heterogeneity of ...