background: estrogens include estoril (e3), estradiol and estrone (e1). these chemicals are produced in human and animal bodies as well as in synthetic chemicals (drugs). estrogens can enter water sources in different ways. when these chemicals enter the human body through water and wastewater, they have the ability to mimic or disrupt the normal estrogen activities in humans and animals. estro...

. the sonocatalytic activity of nano-sized zno powder was studied via the degradation of the direct blue 71 azo dye. the nano-sized zno powder that was selected was the same as that which was synthesized and characterized in our previous study. the influences of six operational parameters including the initial ph, the initial concentration, the dose of sonocatalyst, the ultrasound frequency, th...

This study was performed with the aim of investigating the efficiency of the Nano photocatalytic of ultraviolet and titanium dioxide compound and rice husk silica adsorbent (UV/TiO2/RHS) in removal reactive red 198 dye from synthetic aqueous solutions. The removal of reactive red 198 dye was done in batch reactors with a volume of 250 ml using RHS deposited by titanium dioxide in the...

in this study, removal of methylene blue by electro-coagulation method using aluminum and iron electrodes was investigated. the influence of the operating parameters such as contact time, current density, anode type, inter-electrodes distance, initial and final ph and energy consumption rate was determined. dye removal was increased with increases in solution ph, current density and contact tim...

introduction: natural organic matters (noms) existing in water resources led to various problems such as formation of disinfectant by-products (dbps). humic matters like humic acid (ha) are component of noms that should be removed from water. advanced oxidation process (aops) is one of the noms removal methods. the aim of this study was to survey the degradation of humic acid by electron beam i...