Introduction. The paper addresses the issues of development professional education police officers in post-revolutionary Eastern Siberia 1920s. archival documents were used to study forms and methods training young workers peasants’ police. main them school reserve practical off-duty on-duty hours. also focused on that interfered with and, eventually, did not allow single system for policemen b...

We present first ideas on how results about qualitative spatial reasoning can be exploited in reasoning about action and change. Current work concentrates on a line segment based calculus, the dipole calculus and necessary extensions for representing navigational concepts like turn right. We investigate how its conceptual neighborhood structure can be applied in the situation calculus for reaso...

The situation calculus is a popular technique for reasoning about action and change. However, its restriction to a firstorder syntax and pure deductive reasoning makes it unsuitable in many contexts. In particular, we often face uncertainty, due either to lack of knowledge or to some probabilistic aspects of the world. While attempts have been made to address aspects of this problem, most notab...

Non-compliance is not only an epistemological error but a biological impossibility. This profound statement arises from the influence of Humberto Maturana's revolutionary meta-theory of cognition. The definitions and significant implications of two major theoretical concepts of this meta-theory of cognition, namely structural determinism and objectivity-in-parenthesis, are discussed. These radi...

Coalitions between animals are found in a variety of taxa, but are most common among primates. Here, we present data on the relative abundance of male–male coalitions within a group of free-ranging rhesus macaques, a species in which male coalitions are reportedly rare or absent. We then report a series of revolutionary coalitions among subordinates against higher ranked individuals that transf...

The article provides a historiographic analysis of the demographic development population Pavlodar region. As result comprehensive research in context particular region, influence events national history on socio-demographic were studied, which made it possible to identify consequences historical more depth. Classification, differentiation and regional features an opportunity determine impact p...