In the present century, the emergence of issues such as population growth, public demand for living or working in urban centers, increasing use of land have allowed for existence of high rise residential complexes necessary in most major cities of the world. Despite their benefits and advantages, high-rise residential complexes have also given rise to some limitations and threats and have gr...

the construct of self-efficacy has received increasing attention in research over the past two decades. many studies have been carried out 1.3 significance of the study this study has pedagogical implications since improving students’ self- efficacy and autonomy is important for promoting actual performance on classroom academic tasks. in academic settings, it has been shown that self-effi...

the skill of reading in english as a foreign language is an important and challenging one which is affected both by linguistic and extra linguistic factors. since vocabularies are part and parcel of every reading comprehension text, knowing enough vocabulary always facilitates this process. however, guessing strategy as one of the most important strategies has consistently ignored by language l...

The economic components of a geographic region, such as its economic growth, are influenced by the spillover effect of other regions’ economic components. In addition to these spatial dependences, there are common factors, such as oil price, that induce a correlation among the economic variables of the geographic regions. Thus, it is necessary to distinguish between the dependence created by th...

1.1 introduction “i see translation as the attempt to produce a text so transparent that it does not seem to be translated. a good translation is like a pane of glass. you only notice that it’s there when there are little imperfections- scratches, bubbles. ideally, there shouldn’t be any. it should never call attention to itself.” “norman shapiro” (venuti, 1995:1) edward fitzgerald is the br...

Today, the population variable and its related specifications is basic infrastructure in the areas of economic and social planning and policy making. The population, including important component of economic and social in a society that has on economic performance and social community is effective and at the same time economic and social policies are also affected, so that changes in population...

the following null hypothesis was proposed: h : there is no significant difference between the use of semantically or communicatively translates scientific texts. to test the null hypothesis, a number of procedures were taken first, two passages were selected form soyrcebooks of food and nutrition industry and gardening deciplines. each, in turn, was following by a number of comprehension quest...