The Japanese electricity industry has experienced regulatory reforms since the mid-1990s. This article measures productivity in Japan’s steam power-generation sector and examines the effect of reforms on the productivity of this industry over the period 1978–2003. We estimate the Luenberger productivity indicator, which is a generalization of the commonly used Malmquist productivity index, usin...

the main objective of this paper is to investigate the effects of monetary regime (countries with inflation targeting monetary policy versus countries with exchange rate anchor) on the extent of exchange rate pass-through over the period of 1999-2010. to achieve this objective, the econometric model has been estimated by dynamic panel data approach and arrelano- bond (ab) method. the empirical ...

middle east is a strategic region because of its abundant oil reserves, hostile struggles among the countries, and threat of the radical groups. the countries of this region spend a large amount of their annual budgets on buying weapons and war armaments. the purpose of this paper is to study the impact of military expenditures on economic growth of oil and non-oil middle east countries by a dy...

The Canadian economy has been a net recipient of foreign direct investment (FDI). The free-trade agreements (FTA and NAFTA) have had to attract more inward FDI. This study examines the determinants of foreign direct investment (FDI) between Canada and EU15, Brazil and Japan in the period 1995-2007. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of variables, such as, market size, labour cos...

this study is an attempt to develop a model of the simultaneous structure of the aggregate dynamic supply and demand to be used for estimation of parameters from data related to iran’s economy. the method for developing the model is an application of the dynamic and simultaneous process of aggregate supply and demand. obtained differential equations are used for solve the model. to estimate the...