eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (emdr) process encompasses several nervous system components such as medulla, pons, midbrain, cerebellum, basal ganglia, parietal, frontal and occipital lobes. the role of eye movement (em) has been documented previously in relation with cognitive processing mechanisms. by emdr we can reach some parts of memory which were inaccessible before and als...

Introduction: Recent studies suggest that glucocorticoids modulate memory reconsolidation. Moreover, cholinergic system is involved in memory reconsolidation. Since glucocorticoids interact with brain cholinergic system in modulating memory processing, we investigated whether glucocorticoid influences on the reconsolidation of emotionally arousing training depend on the cholinergic system...

Effect of In order to test the memory state in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) after glycemic control, one-hundred patients referring to Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center were simply randomized. They were compared in point of memory state with one hundred cases as the control group. The Wechsler Memory Scale test was utilized to evaluate the mem...

Introduction:The hippocampus is one for the major centers of learning and memory. Role of the opioid system has been investigated and on the other hand receptors related to this system such as mu-opioid receptors (MOR) are extended in the hippocampus. In this study the effect of Naloxone administration as a mu opioid receptor antagonist on passive avoidance memory in adult male rats was i...

Autobiographical memory, that is, our memory for personal life experiences, is integral to our sense of self. However, the experience of trauma can create distortions in how our memories are bought to mind. In particular, trauma can produce an overgeneral memory style, which relates to the development of both PTSD and depression. However, theory states that immediately following a traumatic eve...

Background and Objective: It is well known that stress and glucocorticoid, modulate memory processing, though the result is completely dependent on the time of stress induction. This study investigated the effect of acute corticosterone administration on memory retrieval of recent and remote memory in a 4 trials/day (low- intensity learning) or 8 trials/ day (high- intensity learning) Morris wa...

visual memory is an important cognitive ability, which has been studied in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (asds). in such studies meaningful shapes were used more frequently. since meaningless shapes provide a better assessment of short term visual memory, in this study we used them to evaluate visual memory in children and adolescents with asds compared to the normal group.four vis...

the human prefrontal cortex differs from all other mammals: the seat of complex cognition, abstract thinking, planning and future forecasting, and behavioral inhibition. using our prefrontal cortex is a significant energy drain on the body, so despite its impressive capabilities, it’s daily capacity is limited. some researchers estimate a mere 2-3 hours per day of activity depletes the prefront...

objectives: the purpose of this research was to explore the possible differences in the working memory of monolingual (persian) and bilingual  (persian-baluchi) children. we wanted to examine if there is a statistically significant relationship between working memory and bilingualism. methods: four working memory (wm) tests, assessing three wm components, were administered to 140 second grade s...