BACKGROUND Emotional and interpersonal impairments associated with alcohol-dependence have been recently explored, but the distorted cognitive representations underlying these deficits remain poorly understood. The present study aims at exploring the presence of maladaptive social self-beliefs among alcohol-dependent individuals, as these biased self-beliefs have been recently shown to play a c...

The central hypothesis of this book, Delusions and Beliefs: A Philosophical Inquiry (Routledge, 2019), is that delusions are malfunctional beliefs (Chapter 1); they belong to the category belief 2) but, unlike mundane false or irrational beliefs, fail perform some functions 3). More precisely, directly indirectly involve malfunctioning cognitive mechanisms, which empirically supported by two-fa...

This article investigates the life success at ages 32 and 48 of four categories of males: nonoffenders, adolescence-limited offenders (convicted only at ages 10-20), late-onset offenders (convicted only at ages 21-50), and persistent offenders (convicted at both ages 10-20 and 21-50). In the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, 411 South London males have been followed up from age 8 to 48...

background and objective: different personality aspects including identity styles, self-efficacy, and cognitive abilities can play a certain role in successful learning result in high educational success. we assessed the value of identity styles, self-efficacy and metacognition beliefs for predicting the level of educational success in female high-school students. methods: in a cross-sectional ...

rational emotive behavior therapy (rebt) is based on the concept that emotions and behaviors are results of cognitive processes. there is a possibility for the human being to gain better ways for feeling and behavior in case of amending many processes. rebt is one of cognitive-behavioral therapies which is very much like cognitive therapy developed by aaron t. beck in 1960 although it’s separat...

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the association of metacognitive beliefs and perfectionism with test anxiety among students.  Methods: The present study was a cross sectional research. Study population comprised all male and female students of Kermanshah City. A total of 440 students (200 males and 240 females, aged 17-18 years) in the third or fourth grade ...

Level-k theories are agnostic over whether individuals stop the iterated reasoning because of their own cognitive constraints, or because of their beliefs over the cognitive constraints of their opponents. In practice, individual level of play may be a function both of their own constraints and their beliefs over their opponents’ reasoning process. Moreover, the rounds of introspection that pla...

BACKGROUND Beliefs about the controllability of a disorder may be relevant in the causation, maintenance and treatment of disorders. We investigated whether congruence between patients' beliefs about controllability of a panic disorder and the type of treatment provided predicted outcome. METHODS The differential effectiveness of cognitive therapy and antidepressant treatment (paroxetine or c...