Epistemic modals have long been observed to be ambiguous between a speaker-oriented interpretation (Lyon’s 1977 ‘subjective’ interpretation) and an interpretation that reflects general knowledge (the ‘objective’ interpretation). In recent work, Papafragou (2006) argues that subjectively interpreted epistemics are non-truth conditional, and that this results from them being indexical to the spea...

Data swapping, a term introduced in 1978 by Dalenius and Reiss for a new method of statistical disclosure protection in confidential data bases, has taken on new meanings and been linked to new statistical methodologies over the intervening twenty-five years. This paper revisits the original (1982) published version of the the Dalenius-Reiss data swapping paper and then traces the developments ...

This paper is an investigation of $L$-dual frames with respect to a function-valued inner product, the so called $L$-bracket product on $L^{2}(G)$, where G is a locally compact abelian group with a uniform lattice $L$. We show that several well known theorems for dual frames and dual Riesz bases in a Hilbert space remain valid for $L$-dual frames and $L$-dual Riesz bases in $L^{2}(G)$.

Perfect bases for equational theories are closely related to confluent and finitely terminating term rewrite systems. The two classes have a large overlap, but neither contains the other. The class of perfect bases is recursive. We also investigate a common generalization of both concepts; we call these more general bases normal, and touch the question of their uniqueness. We also give numerous...

the field of comparative analysis on persian and arabic grammars and in contrast to number and counted nouns discourses in both languages it is revealed that there is a numerical composition in either double-bases (simple) or triple- bases (it has counting conjunction or counting unit in persian and quantifier in arabic). this categorization may itself open some other new classes and lead to pu...

In this paper we develop a natural generalization of Schauder basis theory, we term operator-valued basis or simply ov-basis theory, using operator-algebraic methods. We prove several results for ov-basis concerning duality, orthogonality, biorthogonality and minimality. We prove that the operators of a dual ov-basis are continuous. We also dene the concepts of Bessel, Hilbert ov-basis and obta...

Let $\mathbb {N}=\{0,1,2,\ldots \}$ and $A\subset \mathbb {N}$. $h\geq 2$ let $r_h(A,n)=\sharp \{ (a_1,\ldots ,a_h) \in A^{h}: a_1+\cdots +a_h=n\}.$ The set $A$ is called an asymptotic basis of order $h$ if $r_h(A,n)\geq 1$ for all sufficiently la