The present study aimed at investigating the existence of long memory properties in ten emerging stock markets across the globe. When return series exhibit long memory, it indicates that observed returns are not independent over time. If returns are not independent, past returns can help predict future returns, thereby violating the market efficiency hypothesis. It poses a serious challenge to ...

davood became fearful when he encountered with his diabetes diagnosis for first time. what effect does this disease can have on davood ’ s lifestyle? in this case, the nurse describes how davood ’ s fear is released by education. i met davood in 1992 for first time. he had been admitted in ward since two days ago, and he had been forced to stay at the hospital through neu-rooz holidays. he acce...

Use of auxiliary elements in refining and betterment of engineering properties of soil have gained attention since a long time ago. Nowadays the effectiveness and capability of the soil reinforcing technique for giving proper practical solutions in various projects have resulted in this technique quickly gaining a place in geotechnical engineering. In this paper, the results of laboratory studi...

degradation of zagros forests has been continuing since a long time ago because of traditional and often improper exploitations due to poverty, unemployment, and livelihood. in this study, in order to reduce forest degradation and improve sustainability, the feasibility of multipurpose using of zagros forest was assessed in baneh forests by using gis, rs and ahp. all of the possible land-uses a...

We acknowledge the superb research assistance of Martin Kanz. We are also greatly indebted to Luis Bértola, Michael Clemens, John Coatsworth, and Yael Hadass for their help in constructing the underlying data base for other projects with Williamson. We are also grateful to them and to Abstract Most countries in the periphery specialized in the export of just a handful of primary products for mo...