How do borrowers respond to improvements in a lender’s ability to punish defaulters? We implemented a randomized field experiment in Malawi examining the impact of fingerprinting of borrowers, which improves the lender’s ability to withhold future loans from individuals who have previously defaulted while rewarding good borrowers with increased loan sizes. Study participants were smallholder fa...

In asset management of infrastructures, predicting deterioration of structures is one of an essential technique to make a decision on the optimal maintenance policy. However, as for large-scaled infrastructures that consist of a huge number of structural components, in order to estimate their deterioration process with high accuracy, the heterogeneity of individual components has to be consider...

OBJECTIVE To test the effectiveness of, and explore interactions between, three interventions to prevent falls among older people. DESIGN A randomised controlled trial with a full factorial design. SETTING Urban community in Melbourne, Australia. PARTICIPANTS 1090 aged 70 years and over and living at home. Most were Australian born and rated their health as good to excellent; just over ha...

the territory of serbia is vulnerable to various types of natural hazards and the risk is not equal across the entire territory; it varies depending on the type of hazard and the expected potential for damage. the first aim of this research was to determine the geographical distributions of the major types of natural hazards. seismic hazards, landslides, rock falls, floods, torrential floods...