Fuzzy segmentation is an effective way of segmenting out objects in images containing both random noise and varying illumination. In this paper, a modified method based on the Comprehensive Learning Particle Swarm Optimization (CLPSO) is proposed for pixel classification in HSI color space by selecting a fuzzy classification system with minimum number of fuzzy rules and minimum number of incorr...

This article presents a new feature extraction technique based on the temporal tracking of clusters in spectro-temporal features space. In the proposed method, auditory cortical outputs were clustered. The attributes of speech clusters were extracted as secondary features. However, the shape and position of speech clusters change during the time. The clusters temporally tracked and temporal tra...

One of the most important artificial immune algorithms is negative selection algorithm, which is an anomaly detection and pattern recognition technique; however, recent research has shown the successful application of this algorithm in data classification. Most of the negative selection methods consider deterministic boundaries to distinguish between self and non-self-spaces. In this paper, two...

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of specialized cells can undergo dramatic changes in structural organization, including formation of concentric whorls. We previously reported that depletion of Yip1A, an integral membrane protein conserved between yeast and mammals, caused ER whorl formation reminiscent of that seen in specialized cells. Yip1A and its yeast homologue Yip1p cycle between the ER an...

The transition from analogue to the Digital Terrestrial Television (DTV) in Europe is planned to be completed by the end of the year 2012. The DTV spectrum allocation is such that there are a number of TV channels which cannot be used for additional high power broadcast transmitters due to mutual interference and hence are left unused within a given geographical location, i.e. the TV channels a...

The restructuring of telecommunication in Central and Eastern Europe occurs at a time when the classical structures of telecommunication are falling apart worldwide. Coming from the socialist system in which telecommunication did not exist as an independent economic activity, the Eastern European countries have created specific “post-socialist“ modes of reform, often outdoing Western countries ...