Research summary: This paper studies the coordination burden for firms that pursue variety as their main product strategy. We propose that product variety magnifies the tension between scale economies in production and scope economies in distribution, giving rise to complex sourcing relationships. Sourcing complexity worsens performance and poses a dilemma for organization design: A hierarchica...

understanding cattle metabolism and its relationship with milk products is important in bovine breeding. a systemic view could lead to consequences that will result in a better understanding of existing concepts. topological indices and quantitative characterizations mostly result from the application of graph theory on biological data. in the present work, the enzyme network involved in cattle...

during the past few years, modeling in agriculture has attracted considerable attention. new modeling methods including neural networks are employed in various industries, and it is necessary that their use in agriculture be also considered. this research addressed the trend of energy use in broiler farms in alborz province and sought to model the trend of energy consumption and production in t...

In this paper, we model the economy as a production network of competitive firms that interact in a general-equilibrium setup. First, we find that, at the unique Walrasian equilibrium, the profit of each active firm is proportional to (a suitable generalization of) its Bonacich centrality. We also determine consumer welfare at equilibrium and characterize efficient networks. Then we proceed to ...

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Cancer is caused by genetic abnormalities, such as mutation of ontogenesis or tumor suppressor genes which alter downstream signaling pathways and protein-protein interactions. Comparison of protein interactions in cancerous and normal cells can be of help in mechanisms of disease diagnoses and treatments. Methods: We constructed protein interaction networks of cancerous a...

A water distribution network is subjected to various abnormal conditions such as pipe breaks, pump failures, excessive demands etc. in the design period. Under such conditions, the network may not be able to meet required demands at desired pressures, and becomes deficient. Traditional network analysis assumes nodal demands to be satisfied and available nodal pressures are calculated. However, ...

This paper compares fault position and Monte Carlo methods as the most common methods in stochastic assessment of voltage sags. To compare their abilities, symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults with different probability distribution of fault positions along the lines are applied in a test system. The voltage sag magnitude in different nodes of test system is calculated. The problem with the...