background: ethical leadership represents the leader's proactive efforts to influence followers' ethical and unethical behavior and follower work attitudes such as perceived organizational support, affective commitment and normal behaviors. the purpose of this research was to test the relationship of ethical leadership and ethical context with affective commitment that mediating the r...

This research studied the user behavior on online group buying services. In the research model, users’ behavior is represented by three dimensions, satisfactory, trust, and group buying intention. Satisfaction is hypothesized to have positive relationship with trust that will have positive impact on the purchase intention. Each of the three dimensions is divided into two constructs, one for pro...

purpose: the purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between the organizational commitment and the psychological empowerment in the libraries of ferdowsi university of mashhad. methodology: this study is an applied research on the librarians of ferdowsi university of mashhad. data were collected relying on allen and meyer (1990) organizational commitment questionnaire and spreitz...

There are strong theoretical arguments for the creation of advance-purchase agreements to increase incentives for the development and production of vaccines for diseases concentrated in low-income countries. A Center for Global Development working group recently concluded that such agreements could be implemented successfully. We consider the practical economic and legal arrangements for such a...

While much has been written and empirically researched about leadership style, little effort has been made to make out what constitutes successful and effective leadership for university teachers of Pakistan. Paternalistic leadership is a promising body of research that has been tailored to the Pakistani context in this study. The research focuses on the impact of two most important dimensions ...