Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine the subject transformational leadership, one important modern topics in management business organizations, because its importance making decisions related activities and jobs, requires availability human resources with high skills efficiency has ability assume responsibility. Theoretical framework: Recent literature mentioned that there are many lead...

How can we tell whether resource-dependent people are socially resilient to institutional change? This question is becoming increasingly important as demand for natural resources escalates, requiring resource managers to implement policies that are increasingly restrictive on resource users. Yet policy changes are frequently made without a good understanding of the likely social and economic co...

background and purpose: nosocomial infections, especially those occurring in intensive care units (icus), are one of the major health problems in every community. nosocomial infections are associated with increased mortality rate and high treatment costs. effective control of these infections essentially depends on the knowledge of healthcare providers regarding the detection and eradication of...

Empowering employees in specialized and general qualifications fields is required for urban management organization (Tehran Municipality). Planning and establishment of comprehensive system of electronic learning is considered the main goal of human resource and educational managers. . This study tried to investigate the feasibility and execution of electronic learning courses for in-service st...

The vital importance of change management in today’s competitive climate has been widely investigated. While the need for successful change management is intensively proclaimed by ‘expert’ consultants, the response for some time has been regarded as falling short of what is required. The heavy emphasis in the literature on a rational-linear approach to understanding organisational change overlo...

Fishery managers often are faced with difficult decisions on how to satisfy the socioeconomic need of the public while maintaining or restoring properly functioning aquatic systems. Such decisions are fraught with the complexity and uncertainty associated with ecological systems, multiple management objectives, and the alternatives under consideration (Varis and Kuikka 1999). To aid the decisio...

I model inefficient resource allocations in M-form organizations due to influence activities by division managers that skew capital budgets in their favor. Corporate headquarters receives two types of signals about investment opportunities: private signals that can be distorted by managers, and public signals that are undistorted but noisy. Headquarters faces a tradeoff between the cost of atta...

The objective of the present study is twofold. First, the study aims to review the literature about the concepts of IT competencies and business competencies. Second, a theoretical model is proposed in order to understand how and why some firms gain sustained competitive advantage through the implementation and use of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, while others firms fail to do so....