recent years have brought a great deal of expansion to the economic systems of developing countries. although they serve as vital link of economic activities, the transportation network of these countries have not grown proportionally. since transportation investments is a a substantial portion of the national budget, a good knowledge of each mode's various characteristics is essential, wh...

In ordinary transportation problems, it is always supposed that the mileage from every source to every destination is a definite number. But in special conditions, such as transporting emergency materials when natural calamity occurs or transporting military supplies during wartime, carrying network may be destroyed, mileage from some sources to some destinations are no longer definite. It is u...

This study presents a multimodal hub location problem which has the capability to split commodities by limited-capacity hubs and transportation systems, based on the assumption that demands are stochastic for multi-commodity network flows. In the real world cases, demands are random over the planning horizon and those which are partially fulfilled, are lost. Thus, the present study handles dema...