As we celebrate the 50th anniversary of the publication of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior, it may be important to reconsider the role of the listener in the verbal episode. Although by Skinner's own admission, Verbal Behavior was primarily about the behavior of the speaker, his definition of verbal behavior as "behavior reinforced through the mediation of other persons" (1957, p. 2) focused on...

The Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) is the main protocol behind Voice over IP (VoIP). However, it does not provide authentication, which may lead to possible impersonation and eavesdropping threats. Negotiating keys using digital certificates may help secure the channel, but this method incurs extra maintenance cost. Verbal authentication utilizes the real-time nature of VoIP but it requires ...

Intraindividual variability among cognitive domains may predict dementia independently of interindividual differences in cognition. A multidomain cognitive battery was administered to 2305 older adult women (mean age 74 years) enrolled in an ancillary study of the Women's Health Initiative. Women were evaluated annually for probable dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) for an average of...

Background Following news of deaths in two districts of Jharkhand (West Singhbum and Garhwa) in November 2016, epidemiological investigations were contemplated to investigate any current outbreak of falciparum malaria and deaths attributed to it. Methodology The epidemiological investigations, verbal autopsy of suspected deaths attributed to malaria and keys interviews were conducted in the 2...

short-term visual retrieving processes were investigated in three groups, of schizophernics (n=10), right hemisphere brain damaged (n=10) and a normal grou (n=10) . all of subjects were men and right handed. the study utilized wais (verbal subtests), meaningless syllabuses, retrieve and recall tests and non-verbal patternes retrieve and recall tests. data were analyzed by three factor repeated ...

Background/objectives: Practitioners frequently inform us that lying through omitting information is relevant to them, yet this topic has been largely ignored by verbal lie detection researchers. Method: In the present experiment participants watched a video recording of secret meeting between three people. Truth tellers were instructed recall truthfully, and pretend one person (John) was not t...