the present study has been conducted to determine the surface water quality of urban area in savar, dhaka, bangladesh by determining some water quality parameters (transparency, temperature, ph, ec, eh, do, tss, tds, ts, bod5, cod, toc, cl-, br-, so4-2, no3-, no2-, po4-3, tp, hco3- and total alkalinity) as well as the status of phytoplankton’s community in the water from two lakes (tiger lake a...

introduction: urinary incontinence (ui) is high prevalent in older women. little is known about how they manage with this chronic condition from their points of view. the aim of this study was to explore older women’s experiences of management strategies in dealing with urinary incontinence.  methods: eight community dwelling women aged 60 and over, with long term ui participated in this qualit...

introduction: urinary incontinence (ui) is high prevalent in older women. little is known about how they manage with this chronic condition from their points of view. the aim of this study was to explore older women’s experiences of management strategies in dealing with ui. methods: eight community dwelling women aged 60 and over, with long term ui participated in this qualitative study. after ...

the price of water in agriculture plays an important role in the water allocation management. therefore, the optimum strategies of cropping pattern could be designed when water price analysis are considered in a predetermined economic framework. in the present study, a programming model was developed using the genetic algorithm for optimal water allocation in the eastern north of khuzestan prov...

abstract one of the ways to increase economic and environmental efficiency of drainage systems is water table management. water table management consists of, controlled drainage and subirrigation. this study examines the effect of controlled drainage on yield, root distribution pattern and water use efficiency of maize (sc 704) in karaj. the experiment was performed as a randomized complete des...

Land use and climate change can accelerate the depletion of freshwater resources that support humans and ecosystem services on a global scale. Here, we briefly review studies from around the world, and highlight those in this special issue. We identify stages that characterize increasing interaction between land use and climate change. During the first stage, hydrologic modifications and the bu...

Risk assessment provides the possibility of planning and management to prevent and reduce the risk of desertification. The present study is aimed to assess the hazard and risk of desertification and to develop management programs in the semi-arid western regions of Golestan Province in Iran. Desertification rate was obtained using the Iranian model of desertification potential assessment. Since...

introduction geographically risk of an area determines the nature of disasters, their magnitude and spatial distribution. geographically risk is been controlled by several environmental variables such as geographical situation, climatic characteristics, topography, landform processes, land changing and human impacts. in many countries environmental crises generally is under influences of inabil...

When addressing urban water problems, it is no longer adequate to consider issues of water supply, demand, disposal, and reuse independently. Innovative water management strategies and opportunities for water reuse can only be properly evaluated in the context of their interactions with the broader water system. An integrated linear deterministic optimization model is applied to Beirut, Lebanon...