In this paper, differential maps of total zenith delay (TZD) estimated by GPS and by Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) numerical data are compared with the TZD by Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Interferometry. This maps are generated by processing a set of interferometric SAR images acquired by the ENVISATASAR mission over the Lisbon region from April to November of 2009. To obtain T...

Wedge Range Filter (WRF) proton spectrometers are routinely used on OMEGA and the NIF for diagnosing ρR and ρR asymmetries in direct- and indirect-drive implosions of D(3)He-, D2-, and DT-gas-filled capsules. By measuring the optical opacity distribution in CR-39 due to proton tracks in high-yield applications, as opposed to counting individual tracks, WRF dynamic range can be extended by 10(2)...

The Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) project is a multi-year/multi-institution collaboration to develop a next generation regional forecast model and data assimilation system for operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) and atmospheric research. Under this project – a collaboration between The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Microsoft Corporation, Advanced Micro Device...

We present results using WRF Version 3.1 with modifications to allow for nesting with vertical grid refinement. A new switch that controls the vertical refinement factor is added to the namelist. The program ndown is modified so that when this switch is greater than 1, a high order monotonic interpolation is activated in the vertical. The fields are rebalanced to minimize the generation of tran...

سابقه و هدف: امروزه صنعتی شدن توسعه شهرنشینی باعث آلودگی هوا در اکثر کلان‌شهرهای جهان شده است سالانه میلیون­ ها نفر به ­علت جان خود را از دست می­ دهند. ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺤﺪود ﺑﻮدن ﺷﺒﻜﻪ اﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎه‌ﻫﺎى ﭘﺎﻳﺶ آﻻﻳﻨﺪه‌ﻫﺎى ﻫﻮا ﻏﻴﺮ اﻗﺘﺼﺎدى اﻓﺰاﻳﺶ ﺗﻌﺪاد این اﻳﺴــﺘﮕﺎه‌ﻫا سطح شهرها، دﺳﺖ‌ﻳﺎﺑﻰ ﭘﻮﺷــﺶ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻰ زﻣﺎﻧﻰ ﻣﻨﺎﺳــﺐ برای ﻧﺸﺎن دادن ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﻏﻠﻈﺖ ذرات آلاینده ﺑﺴﻴﺎر دﺷﻮار اﺳﺖ. بر اساس پژوهش حاضر با هدف تهیه نقشه ­ها...

A suite of physical parameterizations (deep and shallow convection, turbulent boundary layer, aerosols, cloud microphysics, and cloud fraction) from the global climate model Community Atmosphere Model version 5.1 (CAM5) has been implemented in the regional model Weather Research and Forecasting with chemistry (WRF-Chem). A downscaling modeling framework with consistent physics has also been est...

[1] The current Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Noah modeling framework considers only the dominant land cover type within each grid cell, which here is referred to as the “dominant” approach. In order to assess the impact of subgrid-scale variability in land cover composition, a mosaic/tiling approach (hereafter the “mosaic” approach) is implemented into the coupled WRF-Noah modeling sy...

High-resolution simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting Model (WRF) are used in conjunction with observational analyses to investigate land surface processes and heavy rainfall over the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area. Analyses focus on a 6-day period, 21–26 July 2008, which includes a major convective rain event (23–24 July), a prestorm period (21–22 July), and a dry-down ...