Is the Introspection Thesis true? It certainly isn’t obvious. Introspection is the faculty by which each of us has access to his or her own mental states. Even if we were to suppose that mental states are identical to brain states, it doesn’t follow immediately from this supposition that we can introspect our mental states as brain states. This point is analogous to the following. It doesn’t fo...

We present a framework for cognitive modeling of aesthetic decision making based on dynamic prototypes. Starting point of our work is empirical evidence which shows that subjects’ initial ratings of attractiveness of objects can be influenced by adapting them to new, typically more innovative objects. The framework consists of three steps: (1) Estimating an initial prototype from the ratings, (...

conomists love to say that there is no such thing as a free lunch. But the Chilean government agency responsible for school grants, Junta Nacional de Auxilio Escolar y Becas (JUNAEB), is an exception to the rule. During the school year, JUNAEB provides breakfast and lunch for 2 million children in primary and secondary public schools. In a developing country where about 14 percent of children u...

Recent investigations have shown that the population of the Principality ofWales is heterogeneous and is composed of two moieties, the indigenous Welsh and immigrants, mostly from the English side of the border. Genetic differences in the major blood group systems and cultural differences in the use of the Welsh language and the practice of religious observances have been found to be related to...

conclusions the essential principles of health in iranian medicine were not only stated in quran, but also were emphasized. results six major classifications such as “life environment”, “food”, spiritual status”, “physical activity”, “sleeping and awaking”, “excretion and retention”, and four minor classifications such as” climates”, “seasons”, “sexual intercourse” and “menstruation” were adopt...

Abstract This paper reviews the Roman tax collection system since Late Republic to Principality, focusing on transition from tax-farming a more centralized, census-based administration. We attempt justify this according New Institutional Economic theories (Transaction Cost Economics and Property Rights Theory). The argues that, during Republic, auction-based of farming ended up giving place opp...