Estimation of impervious surface area is important to the study of urban environments and social development, but surface characteristics, as well as the temporal, spectral, and spatial resolutions of remote sensing images, influence the estimation accuracy. To investigate the effects of regional environmental characteristics on the estimation of impervious surface area, we divided China into s...

This paper documents a significant impact of climate variation on urbanization in sub-Saharan Africa, primarily in arid countries. By lowering farm incomes, reduced moisture availability encourages migration to nearby cities, while wetter conditions slow it. The paper also provides evidence for ruralurban linkages. In countries where cities are starting to develop an industrial base, reduced mo...

The arid and semi-arid regions comprise more than forty present of the Earth’s land surface on which a large number people situated largely engaged in agriculture to meet their basic needs.

Mountains over the world are considered as the indicators of climate change. The Himalayas is comprised of five ranges viz., Pir Panjal, Great Himalayas, Zanskar, Ladhak and Karakorum. Ladakh region lies in the northern most state of India, Jammu and Kashmir, in the Ladhak range. It has a unique cold-arid climate and lies immediately south of the Karakorum range. With scarce water resources, su...

Increasing population leads to intensification of water shortage problems in arid regions. Agriculture sector is the main user of water in Iran. Bushehr province with an arid and semiarid climate is located in the south of Iran. Improvement of water productivity (WP), the value or benefit derived from the use of water, is essential in the agriculture sector for achieving food security and susta...