The curve-shift (rate-frequency) paradigm was used to quantify the interaction of cocaine administration with the rewarding effects of lateral hypothalamic electrical stimulation. First, eight animals were tested at 48-h intervals with increasing doses of cocaine (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 mg/kg i.p.); tests with saline were given on intervening days. Cocaine produced dose-orderly leftward shif...

Neuropsychological approach tries to link behavior with brain functions. One of the structural changes and functional disorders that is, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This impaired memory function, learning, emotional processing and cognitive and structural changes in the brain. Various aspects of neuropsychological function have been reported to be abnormal in (PTSD); however, the maj...

Communications Research Laboratory (CRL) has developed an optically pumped primary frequency standard CRL-O1 collaborating with NIST (Lee, et al., 1999), and achieved the accuracy of 1.5x10-14(Hasegawa, A., et al. 2000). CRL is now developing an atomic fountain type frequency standard (Fukuda et al., 2000b) and related technologies such as atom trapping, laser cooling, and laser stabilization (...

Face recognition has recently been the centre of attention of many researchers (Jain et al. 2004). The earliest work in digital face recognition was reported by Bledsoe in 1964. Statistical face recognition systems such as principal component analysis (PCA) based eigenfaces introduced by Turk and Pentland in 1991, attracted lots of attention. Fisherfaces method based on linear discriminant anal...

the potential sources of cr (vi) are various effluents from metallurgy, electroplating, leather tanning, textile dyeing, paint, ink, and aluminum manufacturing industries. these industrial effluents can contain cr (vi), in the concentration range of 10 to 100 mg/l (nakano et al 2000), which is much higher than the standard limit; 0.5 mg/l in industrial wastewater (epa). in aqueous systems, chro...