a number of patients with inflammatory arthritis due to inadequate clinical or laboratory data do not fulfill diagnostic criteria for a clinical disease categories. these patients with initial diagnosis of undifferentiated arthritis (ua) may remit or progress to a definite well- defined condition such as rheumatoid arthritis (ra) or remain as ua with persistence of inflammatory arthritis. the m...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis (hyperKPP) is a muscle sodium-ion channelopathy characterized by recurrent paralytic attacks. A proportion of affected individuals develop fixed or chronic progressive weakness that results in significant disability. However, little is known about the pathology of hyperKPP-induced fixed weakness, including the pattern of muscle involvement....

Tissue fibrosis and chronic inflammation are common causes of progressive organ damage, including progressive renal disease, leading to loss of physiological functions. Recently, it was shown that Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) is expressed in the kidney and activated by endogenous danger signals. The expression and function of TLR2 during renal fibrosis and chronic inflammation has however not ye...

a 46-year-old woman presented with progressive dyspnea and cough. she was a known case of chronic hepatitis c (hcv) treated with pegylated (peg)-interferon. complete pulmonary studies and biopsy were compatible with bronchiolitis oblitrans with organizing pneumonia (boop) secondary to peg-interferon. she discontinued peg-interferon and was given a short course of steroids, after which the condi...

abstract pachymeningitis is a rare chronic disorder of the duramater caused by various infectious, autoimmune or malignant diseases. we report a child with chronic tuberculous pachymeningitis, who presented with clinical manifestations of meningitis with a compatible cerebrospinal fluid analysis. despite signs of progressive neurological involvement, extensive work-up done to rule out known cau...

multiple sclerosis is a severe disorder of the central nervous system. this chronic and progressive disease involves unpredictable episodes of inflammatory attacks. it can cause functional limitations, disability and reduced quality of life. pain is a common and significant problem in lots of people with multiple sclerosis (ms). and it is inversely correlated with aspects of life quality in ind...

Chronic, progressive, and irreversible loss of a transplanted kidney function, previously named chronic allograft nephropathy, is the leading cause of chronic allograft failure among kidney transplant recipients. Chronic allograft dysfunction (CAD) is a multifactorial process associated with progressive interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. Current Data confirms that an additive series of ...

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by myelin loss, axonal pathology and progressive neurodegeneration [1]. Disease starts in 85% of cases with a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), a first (sub)acute neurological event with demyelination. Different clinical subtypes of MS exist, with 85-90% of patients experiencing relapsingre...