BACKGROUND Symptom rating scales are now well established in schizophrenia research but their scores are not the same as outcome. AIMS To appraise the usefulness of symptom rating scales in evaluating the outcome of people with schizophrenia. METHOD Literature on the use of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Clinical Global Imp...

the aim of this study was to examine the effect of 12 weeks of concurrent training on rbp4 andinsulin resistance levels in obese middle-age men. for this purpose, 20 obese middle-age men voluntarily participated in this study and were assigned to concurrent training group (n=10, mean age 51.2 ± 2.25 yr and bmi 31.44 ± 0.81 kg/m²) and control group (n=10, mean age 50.3 ± 2.11 yr and bmi 30.32 ± ...

Animals forage for resources in the face of ecological constraints (Mangel and Clark 1986). Foraging often occurs under the watchful eye of a predator. The risk of predation is an ever-present danger and an animal’s foraging behavior reflects this risk even in the physical absence of an actual predator. Vigilance is the state of arousal required for an alert animal to detect predators (Lima and...

The effect of retinal eccentricity on stimulus identification was investigated by measuring observers' ability to identify digits of various sizes presented briefly at different locations in their visual fields. The stimuli were either presented one at a time or presented in pairs with each member of the pair at a different eccentricity and having a different size. Stimulus-response confusion m...

In this paper, we prove that a non-Riemannian isotropic Berwald metric or a non-Riemannian (α,β) -metric admits no concurrent vector fields. We also prove that an L-reducible Finsler metric admitting a concurrent vector field reduces to a Landsberg metric.In this paper, we prove that a non-Riemannian isotropic Berwald metric or a non-Riemannian (α,β) -metric admits no concurrent vector fi...