OBJECTIVE To document the observations of elementary school teachers (ESTs) in Ilorin, Nigeria on their practice of some types of corporal punishment (CP) that could result in eye injuries among their pupils. MATERIALS AND METHODS A short battery of questions that explored ESTs' observations on attitudes to, and knowledge of some commonly used CP practices was self-administered on 172 consent...

This study aims to determine how the learning outcomes of reward and punishment method, whether provision can improve discipline motivation students what forms are given. research uses a qualitative case approach. is located in MI Ihyauddiniyah, Kecik Village, Besuk District, Probolinggo Regency, East Java. Sources data obtained through observation interviews. The resource persons this amounted...

PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of corporal punishment and the infliction of injuries from a beating occurring without provocation in the previous 6 months among secondary school children in Hong Kong, and to examine the associations between these two forms of physical maltreatment with substance-use-related behaviors and attitudes. METHODS Using secondary data, a cross-sectional, self-ad...

BACKGROUND Violence against children from school staff is anecdotally common in low- and middle-income countries, but data on prevalence and associations with mental health and educational outcomes are lacking. METHODS We report data from a cross-sectional survey conducted in June and July 2012 in Luwero District, Uganda. Forty-two primary schools representing 80% of students in the district ...

Corruption as an extraordinary crime so that the punishment is Primum Remedium. Economic Analysis of Law can be used to increase efficiency handling corruption crimes (TPK) provide a level and deterrent effect. The formulation problem in this research how economic analysis law maximizing looted assets from corruption? This based on judicial normative. data were collected using search method lit...