Behavioral treatments for problem behavior arranging differential reinforcement can result in relapse due to a range of conditions. Basic research using nonhuman animal models in particular is useful because relevant behavioral processes can be revealed through systematic research that is impossible or unethical in clinical situations. Because relapse in clinical situations often will be determ...

The aim of this work is to describe the qualitative behavior of the solution set of a given system of fractional differential equations and limiting behavior of the dynamical system or flow defined by the system of fractional differential equations. In order to achieve this goal, it is first necessary to develop the local theory for fractional nonlinear systems. This is done by the extension of...

Animals and humans often have to choose between options with reward distributions that are initially unknown and can only be learned through experience. Recent experimental and theoretical work has demonstrated that such decision processes can be modeled using computational models of reinforcement learning (Daw et al, 2006; Erev & Barron, 2005; Sutton & Barto, 1998). In these models, agents use...

Regulatory and administrative imperatives, when paired with staff training in humanistic, verbally mediated interventions can reduce the frequency of seclusion and restraint but can be associated with increases in the frequency and severity of staff injury, with concomitant tension and apprehension in the treatment setting. Even when educational programs for staff are made available for patient...

This paper introduces an integration of reinforcement learning and behavior-based control designed to produce real-time learning in situated agents. The model layers a distributed and asynchronous reinforcement learning algorithm over a learned topological map and standard behavioral substrate to create a reinforcement learning complex. The topological map creates a small and task-relevant stat...

Excerpts from tape recordings of a single, long-term, successful therapy case handled by Rogers were analyzed to evaluate the adequacy of the clientcentered view that empathy, warmth, and directiveness are offered throughout therapy in a manner not contingent upon the patient's behavior. Findings indicate that the therapists respond in a significantly differential way to 5 of the 9 patient beha...