introduction determining the importance of environmental impacts is one of the main issues and concerns in the process of environmental impact assessment (eia) of projects. ecological impacts assessment is very complicated and requires estimates and anticipates of all environmental impacts and thus always associated with uncertainty. a major problem in assessment of ecological impacts is that t...

Abstract Consensus in the international community has grown over the past two years that HIV/AIDS poses a threat to development, security, and economic growth. A few studies over the last ten years have looked at the impact on workers and their employers. With momentum building to prevent new infections and treat those already afflicted, more information is needed to assess economic impact...

Software changes are difficult since the impacts of the changes are not readily known in advance. For safety-critical system, the changes can even introduce hazards to bug down the system. Then impact analysis makes its way into the software process. It identifies the consequences or ripple-effects of proposed software changes. In impact analysis, identifying the change impacts is a central act...

Heterogeneous Impacts in PROGRESA The “common effect” model in program evaluation assumes that all treated individuals have the same impact from a program. Our paper contributes to the recent literature that tests and goes beyond the common effect model by investigating impact heterogeneity using data from the experimental evaluation of the Mexican conditional cash transfer program PROGRESA. Ou...

management of the forest resources and related activities has significant effects on the environment. applying the environmental impact assessment (eia) provides a basis for improving forest management plans. however, in the developing countries such as iran, there have been so far no serious endeavors and research to undertake the eia of the various practices affecting the forest resources, de...

Objective: The aim of this paper is to propose a new approach to assess the aggregated impact of risks on the completion cost of a construction project. Such an aggregated impact includes the main impacts of risks as well as the impacts of interactions caused by dependencies among them. Methods: In this study, Monte Carlo simulation and Bayesian Networks methods are combined to present a frame...

Functional Data Analysis (FDA) has recently made considerable progress because of easier access to the data that are essentially in the form of curves. Although functional modeling of Iranian precipitation based on temperature or humidity was done before, here we use functional analysis of variance and covariance to analyze the weather data collected randomly from Iranian weather stations in 20...

sulfur mustard (sm) has been used as a chemical weapon in some conflicts, and many veterans and civilians have been injured thereby. pulmonary, cutaneous, and ocular effects of sm have been frequently reported, although it seems that other organs such as the cardiovascular system are probably also affected. there are a number of studies evaluating the cardiovascular impacts of sm. however, thes...