Even though Rogers wrote that the formative tendency ‘definitely forms a base for the person-centered approach (1980: 133), it has remained a seldom-explored construct. For example, a PsycINFO search on November12, 2006 using the term ‘formative tendency’ accounted for only 8 of the 5,190 references yielded by the term ‘clientcentered’. While the formative tendency rarely has been explored dire...

This chapter presents a formative multi-method evaluation on future gaming systems. Following a scenario-driven approach, quantitative and qualitative methods are employed to elicit feedback from different target user populations. Based on the results of the different evaluation parts, a set of design requirements for future home entertainment systems is derived.

BACKGROUND Team Objective Structured Bedside Assessment (TOSBA) is a learning approach in which a team of medical students undertake a set of structured clinical tasks with real patients in order to reach a diagnosis and formulate a management plan and receive immediate feedback on their performance from a facilitator. TOSBA was introduced as formative assessment to an 8-week undergraduate teac...

In this paper we describe one critical research program within a complex, ongoing multi-year project (2010 to 2014 inclusive) with the overall goal to improve the learning outcomes for first year undergraduate commerce/business students within an Information Systems (IS) subject with very large enrolment. The single research program described in this paper is the analysis of student attitudes a...

We agree with A’Court and colleagues that the consequence of diagnosing greater numbers of people with other chronic conditions in addition to hypertension may be associated with increasing difficulties in providing access.1 The argument is that as more patients with chronic disease require regular management, the demand for appointments with GPs and practice nurses increases. This is important...

This paper presents an ongoing research towards the use of Language Technologies to provide lifelong learners with formative feedback. To this end, the paper briefly elaborates the theoretical background of conceptual development and existing Language Technology applications that can be used to identify and approximate learner’s conceptual development. It also presents preliminary results of pr...

BACKGROUND It is widely known that the opportunity for medical students to be observed and to receive feedback on their procedural skills performance is variable in the senior years. To address this problem, we provided our Pre-Intern (PrInt) students with "one-to-one" formative feedback on their ability to perform urethral catheterization (U/C) and hypothesized that their future practice of U/...

This paper focuses on how organizational structuring can facilitate or hinder organizations’ capacity to learn when a new technology is implemented. We are concerned with a particular philosophy of structuringminimal structure. We argue that learning ultimately depends on the way communities build their sense of identity while enacting existing structure. Organizational context can facilitate o...

Secondary education students have difficulty to comprehend text, let alone, hypertext. Summarizing is an effective strategy to improve text comprehension. It enables students to link the text content to existing prior knowledge, promotes self-testing which helps them to identify their comprehension gaps and fix them and directs students' attention to important content parts. However, summarizin...