Let E be an elliptic curve defined over Q and with complex multiplication. For a prime p of good reduction, let E be the reduction of E modulo p. We find the density of the primes p ≤ x for which E(Fp) is a cyclic group. An asymptotic formula for these primes had been obtained conditionally by J.-P. Serre in 1976, and unconditionally by Ram Murty in 1979. The aim of this paper is to give a new ...

Abductive reasoning (or explanation) is basically a backward-chaining process on a collection of causal rules. When given an observed event, we attempt to determine the set of causes which brought about this event. Cost-based abduction is a model for abductive reasoning which provides a concrete formulation of the explanation process. However, it restricts itself to acyclic causal knowledge bas...

Uncertainties and risks are two leading factors affecting investors’ decisions. In the presence of uncertainty, investors may postpone consumption investment decisions due to a wait-and-see policy, whereas be abandoned in risky situations. Due its high demand elasticity, particular, renders tourism as one sectors most affected by increase uncertainty risks. this context, it is aimed determine w...

During each reproductive cycle, a preovulatory surge of gonadotropins induces meiotic maturation of the oocyte in the preovulatory follicle followed by ovulation. Although gonadotropins stimulate cAMP production in somatic cells of the follicle, a decrease in intra-oocyte cAMP levels is required for resumption of meiosis in oocytes. Based on the observed compartmentalization of the cAMP-degradi...

In mobile environments, unspecified numbers of transactions arrive in continuous streams. To prove correctness of their concurrent execution a method of modelling an infinite number of transactions is needed. Standard database techniques model fixed finite schedules of transactions. Lately, techniques based on temporal logic have been proposed as suitable for modelling infinite schedules. The d...

Kinematic redundancy of manipulators is a well-understood topic, and various methods were developed for the resolution in order to solve inverse kinematics problem, at least serial manipulators. An important question, with high practical relevance, whether solution cyclic, i.e., leads closed path joint space as task space. This paper investigates cyclicity property two widely used methods, name...