The search for generally applicable methods in swarm intelligence aims to gain new insights about natural swarms and to develop design methodologies for artificial swarms. The ideal would be a ‘swarm calculus’ that allows to calculate key features such as expected swarm performance and robustness on the basis of a few parameters. A path towards this ideal is to find methods and models that have...

the purpose of this research was to study organizational climate and faculty members' participation in decision making in physical education faculty of tehran university. for this purpose, 30 faculty members of physical education faculty were selected with census method as the statistical sample. data were collected by two questionnaires: organizational climate (?=0.92) and participation i...

In this paper, an expert system is developed to be used as a decision support in selecting the best appropriate approach to solve interactive multi-objective decision making problems. The developed expert system guides the user to select the suitable solution approach based on different classification criteria which represent the main features of the available interactive approaches. key words:...

Across various scenarios, individuals cooperate with others to contribute towards a shared goal and ensure self-preservation. In game theory, the act of cooperation is considered as an individual producing some form benefit be utilised by others, under expectation will return favour. several make use their own information aid decision about who connect with. However, choice can taken advantage ...

intelligent use of data and information in a large company for management decisions are the essential requirements of all managers. in addition, the necessity of paying attention to the environmental competitiveness increases the importance of responding to these needs. information systems and tools of it in recent decades have played a special role in increasing the respond to these demands. o...