Femtosecond laser pulses were focused on the interface of two glass specimens. Proper use of optical and laser processing parameters enables transmission welding. The morphology of the weld cross section was studied using differential interference contrast optical microscopy. The changes in mechanical properties of the weld seams were studied through spatially resolved nanoindentation, and inde...

The three-dimensional intrinsic convection in a monodisperse dispersion of spheres settling in a vertical container of arbitrary cross section is calculated using the simple model of point forces with excluded volume near the walls, proposed by Bruneau et al. @Phys. Fluids 8, 2236 ~1996!#. An exact solution of the model equations for a container with rectangular cross-section shows that corners...

Top-quark physics plays an important rôle at hadron colliders such as the Tevatron at Fermilab or the LHC at CERN. Given the planned precision at these colliders, precise theoretical predictions are required. In this paper we present the complete electroweak corrections to QCD-induced top-quark pair production in quark–antiquark annihilation. In particular we provide compact analytic expression...

Continuous casting is used to mass produce basic metals into long, semi-finished shapes with constant cross section, which are later processed into over 800 million tons of steel, 20 million tons of aluminum, and 1 million tons of copper, nickel, and other metal products in the world each year. Cross-sections can be rectangular, for later rolling into plate or sheet, square for long products, c...

Here we illustrate the free search for the optimal geometry of flow channel cross-sections that meet two objectives simultaneously: reduced resistances to heat transfer and fluid flow. The element cross section and the wall material are fixed, while the shape of the fluid flow opening, or the wetted perimeter is free to vary. Two element cross sections are considered, square and equilateral tri...