arguing that human rights treaties by their nature are different from other international agreements, this article deals mainly with such questions as succession of states in respect of human rights treaties and reservations to such instruments.  in contrast to other treaties, which are generally “inter-states exchange of interests”, human rights documents are protective instruments according t...

Freight transport via ships is the cheapest and most effective way to transfer more than 80% of global cargo volume. Seafarers have always been multinational, accordingly, non-English-speaking crew members are becoming an increasing presence on board. Although marine engineers comprise half crews among all seafarers board ships, Standard English guides, such as SMCP for navigation officers desi...

Based on IFRS laws, British companies have started providing their reporting systems according to International Standards Requirements regarding disclosing their financial derivatives since January 2005. In 2013, Iran revised its Accounting Standard No. 15 to include the derivative instruments. The present study aims at investigating the effect of this revision on financial derivatives and inst...

In their commentary, Haik Nikogosian and Ilona Kickbusch argue for the necessity of new binding international legal instruments for health to address complex health determinants and offer a cogent analysis of the implications of such treaties for future global health governance. Yet in doing so they pay no attention to the existing instrumentarium of international legally binding treaties relev...

Child labour has always been one of the core concerns of the International Labour Organisation (ILO). In this paper, we investigate whether ILO conventions have contributed to reducing the scale of the problem. We use two approaches to answering the question. Evidence based on country-level data shows that, by 1990, countries having ratified ILO conventions were in no different position concern...