Interrogating physical processes that occur within the lowermost mantle is a key to understanding Earth's evolution and present-day inner composition. Among such processes, partial melting has been proposed to explain mantle regions with ultralow seismic velocities near the core-mantle boundary, but experimental validation at the appropriate temperature and pressure regimes remains challenging....

The present article is devoted to a theoretical study on Love wave vibration in a pre-stressed fluid-saturated anisotropic porous viscoelastic medium embedded over an inhomogeneous isotropic half-space influenced by gravity. The expression of dispersion has been achieved with the help of mathematical tools such as variable separable method and Whittaker’s function’s expansion under certain boun...

The initial melting of mantle plumes produced unparalleled volumes of lava that formed large igneous provinces (LIPs). These events were sometimes so large that they triggered catastrophic mass extinctions and oceanic anoxic events. Global tomography and numerical models suggest that mantle plume occurrences are closely linked to the margins of the large low shear velocity provinces (LLSVPs) lo...

We perform inversions of gravity data (geopotential model EGM96) and seismic tomography model (S16RLBM) for the scaling factor (ζ ), which relates relative density anomalies to relative S-wave velocity anomalies. The gravity data and tomographic model are anti-correlated below continents down to a depth of z = 200 km. This anti-correlation is not present below oceans. Except for smoothness, whi...

The Nayband strike-slip fault forms the western margin of the micro-continental Lut block in Eastern Iran. Neogene and Quaternary mafic volcanic rocks collected near Tabas, along the northern part of the fault (NNF; 15 Ma), and further to the south, along the middle part of the fault (MNF; 2 Ma), are within-plate sodic-series alkali olivine basalts with high TiO2 and up to >16% normative nephel...

The core-mantle boundary (CMB) sepa­ rates dynamic systems with remarkable con­ trasts in composition and material properties (Table 1), comparable in magnitude to varia­ tions in properties across the surface of the solid Earth. A natural consequence of this pronounced stratification is the development of thermal and chemical boundary layers ad­ jacent to these interfaces, which thereby con­ s...

In situ observations of the perovskite–CaIrO3 phase transition in MgSiO3 and in pyrolitic compositions were carried out using a laser-heated diamond anvil cell interfaced with a synchrotron radiation source. For pure MgSiO3, the phase boundary between the orthorhombic Mg-perovskite and CaIrO3-type phases in the temperature range of 1300–3100 K was determined to be P (GPa)=130 (F3)+0.0070 (F0.00...