ran's economy still has a two-digit inflation rate with high fluctuations, which is mainly caused by fiscal dominance. According to the relevant literature, the most important fiscal dominance mechanism is borrowing from the central bank. After prohibiting direct borrowing from the Central Bank by Iran's government, the budget deficits are partially addressed by off-budgeting operations, achiev...

background: surgical site infection is known as a common complication after cardiac surgery, and cefazolin is the best prophylactic antibiotic to prevent this complication. the goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of continuous and intermittent cefazolin for the prevention of superficial surgical site infection following off-pump coronary artery bypass (opcab). methods: this prospectiv...

there is limited literature on how to engage the rural women in agriculture and improve their contributions to household food security and income. this study aimed to contribute to literature on women engagement in agriculture through vegetable production using good agricultural practices. the empirical data used were drawn from technology demonstrations and experimentation, learning fields, an...

introduction wedge modifiers are commonly applied in external beam radiotherapy to change the dose distribution corresponding to the body contour and to obtain a uniform dose distribution within the target volume. since the radiation dose delivered to the target must be within ±5% of the prescribed dose, accurate dose calculation by a treatment planning system (tps) is important. the objective ...

the cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) lines that are used in production of hybrid seeds in three-line system often get contaminated with their maintainer lines. using such impure cms lines in rice hybrid seed production lead to un-uniformity and yield loss in hybrid rice. laborious and time consuming phenotypic evaluations are used for elimination of off-type plants in cms multiplication farms. th...

background : the measuring serum ferritin level as a sensitive inflammatory biomarker might effectively predict preterm delivery, but the power and the best cut-off point of this biomarker for predicting preterm labor in iranian population has not been substantially identified. our purpose was to determine what concentrations of serum ferritin could identify patients at risk for preterm deliver...