in iran, discourse on cultural heritage politically started to burgeon during the 1930s by efforts of enlightened thinkers (roshanfekran) and western orientalists. by the rise of reza shah in 1925 and during the pahlavi epoch (1925-1979), the western archaeologists or architects were closely engaged in cultural heritage affairs, which effectively manipulated the concept of iranian nationalism p...

garshasp has peregrinated an agelong path from avesta epoch to the time of preparation of old historical context and iran’s national epic. garshasp, who is the unique hero of iran’s old mythology, that his brave acts, such as killing the dragon and ogre lobbing are important parts of the heroic themes included in the avesta, through the advent of pahlavi literary context because of reasons such...

iran has the longest political relations with russia among other great powers. this relation is resulted from neighborhood, trade, and cultural and racial factors between iran's people with some of the russia’s independent republics. purchasing of weapons by iran and participations of the soviet :union: in economic projects of iran helped the strengthening of the relations between the two ...

The early Sasanian period witnessed a variety of religious beliefs in competition. clash between Kirdīr and Mani represents just an episode the triumph Mazdean church over Manichaeism, as well other formations listed Kirdīr’s inscriptions. Persian Zoroastrianism constituted stronghold power hegemony at heart Empire. Yet, peripheral Eastern Iran Central Asia featured aspects regional Mazdeism, s...