The transdermal delivery of drugs and, in more general terms, active principles can be performed by iontophoresis and/or electroporation. advantages a local treatment vs. other intake methods are well known as it reduces the systemic involvement and therefore contraindications. To perform exploiting electroporation effect there is nowadays specific variant medical device used physiotherapy: Med...

With one operational amplifier (op-amp) in negative feedback, the traditional zero potential circuit could access one element in the two-dimensional (2-D) resistive sensor array with the shared row-column fashion but it suffered from the crosstalk problem for the non-scanned elements' bypass currents, which were injected into array's non-scanned electrodes from zero potential. Firstly, for supp...

We have performed self-consistent, three-dimensional (3-D), time-domain calculations for a bounded-wave electromagnetic pulse simulator. The simulator consists of a constantimpedance transverse electromagnetic structure driven by a charged capacitor, discharging through a fast closing switch. These simulations yield the detailed 3-D electromagnetic field structure in the vicinity of the simulat...

VOLUME 36 • OCTOBER 2011 • www.mrs.org/bulletin © 2011 Materials Research Society Introduction Transparent electrodes are ubiquitously used in optoelectronic devices where light must pass through a section, and current or voltage needs to be applied. These devices include thin-fi lm solar cells (organic, inorganic, hybrid), displays (liquid-crystal display, plasma display, organic light-emittin...

In spite of the impressive efficiencies reported for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), key aspects of their working principles, such as electron injection at the contacts or the suitability of the utilization of a specific scaffold layer, are not yet fully understood. Increasingly complex scaffolds attained by the sequential deposition of TiO2 and SiO2 mesoporous layers onto transparent conducting...

In the design of medium and low voltage equipment such as cable accessories, generator, motor end windings or bushings, issues with electrical field enhancement occur at interfaces between insulators conductors, resulting in accelerated material ageing. The purpose this paper is to present a novel dielectric composite which has properties mitigate local amplification. It functional resistivity ...

Mains impedance is a critical parameter to consider when diagnosing load generated power quality problems. High impedance can contribute to voltage sags, low voltage conditions, high frequency noise, transient impulses, and harmonic voltages. These problems can be created by the critical load, or by other loads powered from the same electrical source. This paper presents the concept of mains im...