Poverty and social exclusion are important socio-economic variables which are often taken for granted while considering ill-health effects. Social exclusion mainly refers to the inability of our society to keep all groups and individuals within reach of what we expect as society to realize their full potential. Marginalization of certain groups or classes occurs in most societies including deve...

Although the work of William Julius Wilson has done much to shed light on the role that social capital, or the lack thereof, has played in perpetuating joblessness among the urban poor, major gaps remain. Specifically, research in the urban poverty literature has almost exclusively theorized and measured social capital in terms of the poor’s network structure and composition. Thus, it is widely...

Poverty rates are highest in the most urban and most rural areas of the United States, and are higher in non-metropolitan (nonmetro) than metropolitan (metro) areas, yet rural poverty remains relatively obscured from mainstream political and popular attention. This fact has motivated considerable research by rural social scientists on the relationship between poverty and place generally, and ru...

unplanned urban development imposes significant pressure on land resources and land use structures and brings about many negative socio-economic and environmental consequences. therefore, comprehensive studies should be applied to support urban land use management in the world and especially in developing countries. in iran, like many other developing countries, urban development is fast and of...

The study of design and formation of urban space focuses on interaction of human and environment. This is an attractive subject that considers as interdisciplinary debates. Thinkers of urban studies pay attention to this matter empirically and theoretically in order to provide a desirable space for human being. This research is based on the theories of urban studies and urban sociology and so o...

Creating inclusive rural communities: Grass roots perspectives on the opportunities and challenges Rural communities in developed countries such as Australia, the United States, the United Kingdom and Ireland have experienced profound challenges over the past three decades. The social fabric of rural communities in these countries has been and will continue to be affected by global and local pr...