We explore various notions of stability for surfaces embedded and immersed in spacetimes initial data sets. The interest such lies their potential to go beyond the variational techniques which often underlie study minimal CMC surfaces. prove two versions Christodoulou–Yau estimate $${\mathbf {H}}$$ -stable surfaces, a Cohn-Vossen type inequality non-compact stable marginally outer trapped surfa...

incomplete adaptation of stainless steel crown margins leads to microleakage. the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of tooth preparation on microleakage of stainless steel crowns (sscs) placed on mesiodistally reduced primary mandibular first molars.in this in vitro study, 60 primary mandibular first molars with reduced mesiodistal dimension were selected. pulp cavities were filled w...

background and objectives: adhesion and colonization are prerequisites for the establishment of bacterial pathogenesis. the biofilm development of pseudomonas aeruginosa was assessed on adhesive surfaces like dialysis membrane, stainless steel, glass and polystyrene. materials and methods: microtiter plate biofilm assay was performed to assess the effect of nutrient medium and growth parameters...

Introdouction: According to the importance of enamel discoloration and controversy regarding the effect of different orthodontic bonding materials on tooth discoloration, the aim of this study was to determine enamel discoloration following orthodontic brackets using different bonding materials. Materials and methods: This in-vitro study, 30 recently extracted human premolars with inta...

In this paper a novel numerical approach is presented for solving the transient incompressible fluid flow problems with free surfaces in generalized two-dimensional curvilinear coordinate systems. Solution algorithm is a combination of implicit real-time steps and explicit pseudo-time steps. Governing fluid flow equations are discretized using a collocated finite-volume mesh. Convective terms a...

In this paper, the method of determining thermal contact resistance of wavy surfaces is discussed exactly. For determining the thermal contact resistance of real contacts, a new method has been presented. In this method, assuming a regular sinusoidal surface profile, the real contact area in terms of applied forces has been determined. Then thermal contact resistance has been calculated. Testin...

In order to achieve integrated condition in the girth welding of high pressure natural gas transmission pipelines, the weld zones and its surrounding area should have good mechanical properties. Residual stresses are an important defect especially in the girth welding of the pipeline. In this study, two API X70 steel pipes (with spiral seam weld) of 56 inches outside diameter and 0.780 inch wal...