background central venous catheterization is done frequently in cardiac surgery and intensive care settings. faulty positioning of the catheter can cause many complications. objectives the aim of our study was to study the average depth of insertion and formulate a general guideline through the right internal jugular vein (ijv). patients and methods the right ijv was cannulated over a period of...

Surface roughness parameters, namely the roughness length and displacement height, are an integral input used to model surface fluxes. However, most models assume these parameters to be a fixed property of plant functional type and disregard the governing structural heterogeneity and dynamics. In this study, we use large-eddy simulations to explore, in silico, the effects of canopy-structure ch...

Linear mountain wave theory is used to derive the general formulas of the gravity wave momentum flux (WMF) and its vertical divergence that develop in directionally sheared flows with constant vertical shear. Height variations of theWMF and its vertical divergence are studied for a circular bell-shapedmountain. The results show that the magnitude of the WMF decreases with height owing to variab...

different construction materials with different roughness used to make circular weirs highly affect surface roughness and, in turn, flow hydraulics passing over these structures.  in the present research, numerous experiments under different hydraulic conditions were performed on a physical model to study the effects of roughness on flow hydraulics over a circular weir. the flow hydraulics incl...

Background: Secular trends in stature, weight and mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) of 2397 school children (1268 boys and 1129 girls) of the same age (6.5-11.5 years) and sex in representative samples from primary schools of Shiraz (southern Iran) at an interval of 15 years (1988 vs 2003) are reported. Methods: Cross-sectional weight, height and mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) curves were ...

Aboriginal stature across a range of South Australian environments is investigated. Comparison is made between ancient, historical and modern populations. Stature of skeletal remains from the ancient Swanport burial ground was compared against published results for the Roonka site. Stature was reconstructed using Pretty et al. [1998] and the Trotter-Gleser [1952, 1977] method for Blacks. The Sw...

The structure of and growth forms and habits exhibited by the New Zealand rain forest are described and compared with those of lowland tropical rain forest. Theories relating to the frequent regeneration failure of the forest dominants are outlined. The floristic affinities of the forest type are discussed and it is suggested that two main elements can be recognized-lowland tropical and montane...

Indian Ocean is known as a source of moisture for southeast of Iran due to summer precipitation. In this study, in order to investigate the role of SST of Indian Ocean, and the convergence and divergence fields in the precipitation of southeast of Iran, precipitation data of five synoptic stations were used during 2000-2010, including Iranshahr, Khash, ChahBahar, Zabul, and Saravan. To investig...

T H E historic controversy between 'spermists' and 'ovists' ended towards the close of the eighteenth century in a partial victory for both sides: sperm and egg were shown to be alike necessary for the genesis of a new individual. But the question of the relative biological contribution of the male and female parent remained open. A century later the biometrical school of Karl Pearson showed th...