Summary Abscess formation in the anorectal region is a relatively common occurrence and contributes to a fair number of emergency surgical operations. In this paper the etiology of anorectal abscess is reviewed and an interesting case is presented. In about 20% of cases there many be obvious local cause such as infected fissure, thrombosed pile, trauma following local injection therapy, etc. I...

The goal of the present article is to compare neuromuscular activation patterns among medial-lateral, superior-inferior, and rotational positions palms for 14 selective muscles during push-up exercise. Muscle activity kinematics information fifteen males (68.35 ± 7.18 kg, 175 3.40 cm, 24.50 7.50 years) were recorded by Myon Electromyographic (EMG) system Vicon motion capture, respectively. EMG ...

Background:  Some studies show that frozen shoulder is due to the pathologic changes in the muscles around the shoulder. Measurement of the ultrasonic thickness of a muscle is a method for measuring the muscle changes. There is no study about the reliability of measurement of the muscle’s ultrasonic thickness around the shoulder in patients with frozen shoulder. The present study aims to invest...

background: on an average 30-50% of patients who undergo incision and drainage (i and d) of anal abscess will develop recurrence or fistula formation. it is claimed that finding the internal orifice of anal abscess to distract the corresponding anal gland duct; will decline the rate of future anal fistula. surgeons supporting i and d alone claim that finding the internal opening is hazardous. t...