An analysis of the climate parametrization scheme adopted by conventional forest gap models revealed that most models assume a constant climate and are difficult to calibrate consistently. Tree growth showed unrealistically sensitive threshold effects along ecological gradients of temperature and precipitation. A new parametrization was compared with its predecessors in terms of the model's cap...

BACKGROUND Pay for performance (P4P) schemes have become increasingly popular innovations in primary care and have generated questions about their effect on improving quality of care. AIMS To provide a brief outline of the international evidence on the relationship between P4P schemes and quality improvement. METHOD We conducted a literature search using relevant databases and reference lis...

among others internal, regional, international, political, economic, technical, social and cultural factors are reasons that theorists introduce for beginning of integration at a region. by looking at the functions of the shanghai cooperation organization and the association of southeast asian nations (asean), we understand that there are two basic pragmatic factors, the support of the great po...

planning for productivity factors of engineering resources is the main concern that should be addressed in the training and engineering management in different organizations. productivity of engineering resources, which eventually results in the organizational productivity, may be viewed from different perspectives. one of the best approaches is to study the engineering resources productivity w...

The present research investigated the mechanisms guiding habitual behavior, specifically, the stimulus cues that trigger habit performance. When usual contexts for performance change, habits cannot be cued by recurring stimuli, and performance should be disrupted. Thus, the exercising, newspaper reading, and TV watching habits of students transferring to a new university were found to survive t...

Multiple lines of evidence suggest that estrogen directly modulates angiogenesis via effects on endothelial cells. Under physiological conditions, angiogenesis is routinely observed in the uterus in association with fluctuations in the levels of circulating estradiol and other sex steroids. In pathological circumstances, such as breast cancer, a clear association between estrogen, estrogen rece...