A computational simulation of the early stages of mammalian visual processing, from the retina to the primary visual cortex, is described. The simulation uses elements that are organised according to the anatomical connections of the biological visual system. It explores how observed responses of simple cells of the primary visual cortex can be generated by a small number of stages of the types...

objective: environmental psychology as a science could be useful in understanding the dissociation between the man and the environment. the aim of this study was to compare mental health, job satisfaction and well-being of nurses who work in hospital environments with different designs. material: this was a quasi-experimental study, in which 250 nurses filled out the mental health, well-being a...

Although few studies have systematically investigated the relationship between visual mental imagery and visual working memory, work on the effects of passive visual interference has generally demonstrated a dissociation between the two functions. In four experiments, we investigated a possible commonality between the two functions: We asked whether both rely on depictive representations. Parti...

Given a large repository of geotagged imagery, we seek to automatically find visual elements, e.g. windows, balconies, and street signs, that are most distinctive for a certain geo-spatial area, for example the city of Paris. This is a tremendously difficult task as the visual features distinguishing architectural elements of different places can be very subtle. In addition, we face a hard sear...

The visual salience is an important property of 3D mesh model. There are many metric, including methods based on geometry and ones based on images. It is difficult for the former to infer the direct relationship between geometry and visual stimuli, and the latter is affected by the viewpoint and light source. The visual salience of 3D mesh geometry elements, such as the vertex, edge and patch, ...

BACKGROUND Object-based attention can group image elements of spatially extended objects into coherent representations, but its mechanisms have remained unclear. The mechanisms for object-based attention may include shape-selective neurons in higher visual cortical areas that feed back to lower areas to simultaneously enhance the representation of all image elements of a relevant shape. Another...

Visual perceptual grouping, the process of forming global percepts from discrete elements, is experience-dependent. Here we show that the learning time course in an animal model of artificial vision is predicted primarily from the density of visual elements. Three naïve adult non-human primates were tasked with recognizing the letters of the Roman alphabet presented at variable size and visuali...

Our research group [1] is doing research in the field of visual programming. We are interested in threedimensional visual programming environment in particular. The conventional visual programming systems mainly focused on two-dimensional pictorial programming. A big problem is that two-dimensional visual programming systems fail to manage a lot of pictorial programming elements. This paper pro...

The neural mechanisms responsible for unifying noncontiguous regions of a visual image into a percept of a single surface remain largely unknown. To investigate these mechanisms, we used a novel stimulus in which local luminance was the only cue for surface segmentation. Subjects viewed an array of small adjoining elements that were randomly assigned as either surface or noise every 100 ms. On ...