To the Editor:—We read with great scientific interest the study of Vuyk et al. reporting three cases in which volunteers receiving combinations of propofol and midazolam remained responsive to verbal command although the Bispectral Index (BIS) values were at, or just above, 40, the area considered to be associated with adequate hypnosis for surgery (BIS, 40–60). Vuyk et al. note that the electr...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether bispectral analysis (BIS) changes during nitrous oxide (N(2)O) sedation in anxious children undergoing extraction of primary teeth. METHODS In this prospective study 45, ASA physical status I children, aged between 7 to 12 years and scheduled for primary teeth extraction under N(2)O/O(2) sedation are included. At baseline (T0) and during the sedation procedure ...

BACKGROUND Awareness during anesthesia is a serious complication with potential long-term psychological consequences. Use of the bispectral index (BIS), developed from a processed electroencephalogram, has been reported to decrease the incidence of anesthesia awareness when the BIS value is maintained below 60. In this trial, we sought to determine whether a BIS-based protocol is better than a ...

This study aimed at investigating the Bispectral Index (BIS) profile during carotid cross clamping (CXC). The study involved a pilot group of 10 patients undergoing routine carotid endarterectomy with shunt insertion under total intravenous anesthesia, and a study group of 26 additional patients. In all patients, rates of propofol and remifentanil providing a steady-state level of hypnosis (BIS...