Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is currently being used in several human gene therapy trials, including one targeting hemophilia B and another targeting cystic fibrosis, and to date has demonstrated persistent expression without inflammation of the target tissue. Some of the unique features that have distinguished AAV from other gene therapy vectors include (i) its ability to transduce both dividi...

Computer design and chemical synthesis generated viable variants of poliovirus type 1 (PV1), whose ORF (6,189 nucleotides) carried up to 1,297 "Max" mutations (excess of overrepresented synonymous codon pairs) or up to 2,104 "SD" mutations (randomly scrambled synonymous codons). "Min" variants (excess of underrepresented synonymous codon pairs) are nonviable except for P2Min, a variant temperat...

The temperature behavior of the natural microflora on the Mediterranean fish red mullet (Mullus barbatus) was examined as a case study. The growth of the spoilage bacteria Pseudomonas spp., Shewanella putrefaciens, Brochothrix thermosphacta, and lactic acid bacteria was modeled as a function of temperature and the concentration of carbon dioxide in modified atmosphere packaging. Combined models...

Nanotechnology is being envisioned as a hurriedly developing field, it has potential to revolutionize food systems and improve the conditions of the food quality. The present study reports the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using wet chemical method and used as antimicrobial agent against Food borne Pathogens. The antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles was examined against E. coli, and Pse...

In this study, the effects of coatings made of chitosan (Chi) incorporating thyme essential oil (TEO) on lipid oxidation and changing color indexes of walnut kernels were investigated. Chi: pure, in accompany with TEO at concentrations of 500 and 1000 microliter per liter, in an aqueous coating solution, with different packaging methods: Gunny sack, polypropylene and active packaging, compared ...

The assembly of bacteriophage PRD1 proceeds via formation of empty procapsids containing an internal lipid membrane, into which the linear double-stranded DNA genome is subsequently packaged. The packaging ATPase P9 and other putative packaging proteins have been shown to be located at a unique vertex of the PRD1 capsid. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of a suppressor-sensi...

INTRODUCTION The Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act (the "Act"), enacted in June 2009, gave the U.S. Food and Drug Administration authority to regulate tobacco products. The current paper reviews the provisions for packaging and labeling, including the existing evidence and research priorities. METHODS Narrative review using electronic literature search of published and unpubli...