BACKGROUND The minimum mortality temperature from J- or U-shaped curves varies across cities with different climates. This variation conveys information on adaptation, but ability to characterize is limited by the absence of a method to describe uncertainty in estimated minimum mortality temperatures. METHODS We propose an approximate parametric bootstrap estimator of confidence interval (CI)...

parameters such as future precipitation, temperature, snowfall, and runoff were modeled using precis regionalclimate modeling system in iran with the horizontal resolutions of 0.44×0.44°c in latitude and longitude under sresa2 and b2 scenarios. the dataset was based on hadam3p during the periods of 1961-1990 and 2071-2100. theoverall precipitation error of the model in the period of 1961-1990 w...

1. introduction one of the six great challenges recognized by the world climate researches program (wcrp) is the prediction and the characteristics of extreme events. the outcomes of various sources indicate that the extreme climate events have significantly increased over the last decades. trend analysis of extreme temperature indicators is of crucial importance in estimating the trend of glob...

[1] This study assesses near surface lapse rates and temperatures over the past decade at two heights from the Oklahoma Mesonet. A statistically significant change in lapse rate was detected of 0.21 ± 0.09 C (10 m) 1 per decade. The trend of nighttime lapse rate was about three times larger than the magnitude of trend of the daytime lapse rate. The lapse rate trends at the time of the daily max...

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today one of the most important problems in agriclimatology in effecting of climate on products. one of the climate elements in freezing which according to the continuity , extend and amount of it on agricultural activities ,transportation and invironment has a lot of affections. least temperature forcasts as one of the important climatic elements to forcasting late coldness and freezing in spr...