This paper studies price shocks on urban fringe properties surrounding Tucson, Arizona to test if construction on neighboring parcels imposes a negative externality and if investors are able to anticipate the timing of sprawl. Three preliminary estimations are performed, building from classical tests to a rate of return-based hedonic regression. Construction on parcels adjacent to isolated exur...

steel industry is one of the most consumption of energy in the world, which is related to melting furnace which result environmental pollution. we calculate the energy consumption and capital cost of dust collectors of venturi scrubber (vs) and electrostatic precipitator (esp) which are connected to melting furnace in respect to industrial ecology for selection of appropriate dust collection sy...

the objective of this study is to provide a partial equilibrium analysis of the effects of tariff and exchange rate policy on the net exports with the particular emphasis on the selected economic sectors. the eight economic sectors in the model are agriculture; food, beverages and tobacco; textiles; wood; chemicals; construction; paper and miselaneous which contains metallic and non merallic pr...

This article measures the extent to which prices exceed marginal costs in the U.S. natural gas distribution market during the period 1991-2007. We find large departures from marginal cost pricing in all 50 states, with residential and commercial customers facing average markups of over 40%. Based on conservative estimates of the price elasticity of demand these distortions impose hundreds of mi...

The net effects of switching from consumption taxation to inflation taxation on resource allocation and welfare crucially depend on production externalities. With elastic labor supply, raising inflation taxation decreases leisure, but increases the levels of real consumption, capital, and output. Moreover, this tax switch has two opposing effects on the level of real money balances: A positive ...

We examine bidding behavior in an open ascending-price auction, without a binding reserve price, in which allocation to a particular bidder imposes a common payoff-reducing externality on the remaining two bidders. An example consists of a “potential entrant” bidding for an innovation against two “incumbents”. The public good aspect to pre-empting the potential entrant is shown to result in two...

Iran has suffered ever-increasing domestic energy consumption, mostly because of its long-standing price control policy. To decelerate this trend, Iran began a reform on its energy subsidy system in December 2010. This paper examines the inflationary impact of the energy subsidy reform on different Iranian non-energy sectors and urban and rural households by making an updated input–output...

Economists viewed the world through the eyes of Pigou (1920). Professor A. C. Pigou had argued that in the face of an externality, such as pollution, the appropriate remedy involved imposing a per-unit tax on the emissions from a polluting activity. The tax rate would be set equal to the marginal external social damage caused by the last unit of pollution at the efficient allocation. Faced with...

Consider an urban economy with two types of externalities, negative traffic congestion externalities and positive agglomeration externalities deriving from non-market interaction. Suppose that urban travel can be tolled, that non-market interaction cannot be subsidized, and that non-market interaction is stimulated by a reduction in travel costs. Then the optimal toll is below the congestion ex...

The soundness and efficiency of banks is one of the important subjects that neglecting it can have adverse consequences for every country's economy. For economies depending on the money market, such as the Iran economy, this subject is more critical. Therefore, in this study, using panel data related to 16 Iranian banks for the annual period of 2010-2017, the economic efficiency was determined ...