temperature profile determination in soils under adverse conditions of variable heat capacity and conductivity is a rather hard task. the heat capacity and conductivity are moisture dependent and both vary with the soil density. moisture movement on the other hand is temperature dependent and so the two interact. no single mathematical formulae as yet exists for anticipating the temperature dis...

due to increasing demand for the scarce available water throughout the world it is an extremely important matter, in water management, to make serious attempts in determining its true economic value. this paper discusses the optimal allocation of water to agriculture, the relatively true economic value of water as well as the cropping patterns for the shirvan barzo (sb) dam area in north kh...

In this paper, we study second-order necessary optimality conditions for a discrete optimal control problem with nonconvex cost functions and state-control constraints. By establishing an abstract result on second-order necessary optimality conditions for a mathematical programming problem, we derive second-order necessary optimality conditions for a discrete optimal control problem.

Relative to a general class of nondifferentiable mathematical programming problems we consider a converse duality result with respect to a higher order Mond-Weir dual. AMS Mathematics Subject Classification: 90C29, 90C30, 90C32.

Fuzzy Linear Programming models and methods has been one ofthe most and well studied topics inside the broad area of Soft Computing. Itsapplications as well as practical realizations can be found in all the real worldareas. In this paper a basic introduction to the main models and methods infuzzy mathematical programming, with special emphasis on those developedby the authors, is presented. As ...

in the real world, risk and uncertainty are two natural properties in the implementation of mega projects. most projects fail to achieve the pre-determined objectives due to uncertainty. a linear integer programming optimization model was used in this work to solve a problem in order to choose the most appropriate risk responses for the project risks. a mathematical model, in which work structu...

this paper addresses a reliable facility location problem with considering facility capacity constraints. in reliable facility location problem some facilities may become unavailable from time to time. if a facility fails, its clients should refer to other facilities by paying the cost of retransfer to these facilities. hence, the fail of facilities leads to disruptions in facility location dec...